Probable Role of Antibody Targeting Nectin-4 in the Treatment of Cancer

Review Article

Austin Med Sci. 2023; 8(1): 1072.

Probable Role of Antibody Targeting Nectin-4 in the Treatment of Cancer

Honghong Lu1,2; Pengpeng Tian2,3*

¹College of Business, Beijing Open University, Beijing, China

²College of Science and Technology, Beijing Open University, Beijing, China

³Institute of Bioengineering, Biotech Pharma Ltd, Beijing, China

*Corresponding author: Pengpeng Tian, Institute of Bioengineering, Biotech Pharma Ltd, Rongjing East Street, Beijing Development Are (BDA), Beijing 100176, Beijing, China. Email: tianpeng363@163.com

Received: February 23, 2022 Accepted: March 31, 2022 Published: April 07, 2023

Abstract

In recent years, more and more researches have shown that Nectin-4 is a new type of tumor associated antigen. It is highly expressed in breast, ovarian, lung, urothelial, esophageal, liver, colorectal, gastric, gallbladder, bladder and pancreatic cancers, and promotes the development and progression of tumors. Nectin-4 is highly correlated with the prognosis of various tumors. The investigations and mechanism of nectin-4 in various tumor types is reviewed below.

Keywords: Antibody; Nectin-4; Treatment; Cancer

Introduction

Nectin family proteins, also known as Poliovirus Receptor Related protein (PRR), belong to the immunoglobulin super family. As cell adhesion molecules, Nectin family proteins participate in the connection between epithelial cells and endothelial cells. The nectin family consists of four members: Nectin-1, Nectin-2, Nectin-3 and Nectin-4. Nectin-1,2 and 3 are widely expressed in adult tissues, while nectin-4 is only specifically expressed in human embryos and placenta.

Nectin-4, expressed by gene pvr14, is a type I transmembrane glycoprotein, which encoded by 510 amino acids with 66k Damolecular weight (Figure 1). It is a calcium independent alloantigen cell adhesion molecule. There is 92% similarity in human and mouse derived nectin-4. The extracellular domain (gly27-val351) of Nectin-4 is composed of three immunoglobulin like domains V-C-C. As a cell adhesion molecule, Nectin-4 is involved in the connection between epithelial cells and endothelial cells. Nectin-4 is also a receptor for measles virus infection of epithelial cells [1-3].

Citation: Honghong Lu, Pengpeng Tian. Probable Role of Antibody Targeting Nectin-4 in the Treatment of Cancer. Austin Med Sci. 2023; 8(1): 1072.