Risk Evaluation for Type 2 Diabetes in Adults from Tijuana, México

Research Article

J Fam Med. 2019; 6(7): 1188.

Risk Evaluation for Type 2 Diabetes in Adults from Tijuana, México

González-Acosta JF*, Bermúdez-Villalpando VI, Flores-Escutia M, García-Linares NC and Delgado-Luna JE

Department of Family Medicine, Family Medicine Unit #27 (IMSS), Tijuana, Baja California Delegation, Mexico

*Corresponding author: González-Acosta José Federico, Department of Family Medicine, Family Medicine Unit #27 (IMSS), Tijuana, Baja California Delegation, México

Received: October 27, 2019; Accepted: November 12, 2019; Published: November 19, 2019

Abstract

Background: Diabetes Mellitus (DM) is one of the principal pathologies that cause morbimortality in Mexico and the world. DM is a group of metabolic disorders that develops when the required levels of insulin for keep the normal values of plasmatic glucose are not sufficient. Evidence show the importance for detection and identification of people in risk for develop DM.

Aim: The purpose of this study is to evaluate the type 2 diabetes risk in adults from Tijuana, Mexico.

Design and Setting: Descriptive cross-sectional study.

Methods: A descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted in the Family Medicine Unit (FMU) #27, Tijuana, Mexico; the participants answered the FINDRISC test for detection of type 2 diabetes risk, this previous voluntary authorization and informed consent. Patients with increased risk for type 2 diabetes (7 or more points) were sent to medical evaluation. The sample was 356 patients without previous diagnostic of diabetes. For statistical analysis was applied descriptive statistics. We used SPSS version 21 program for the analysis.

Results: We applied 361 tests; 30% (n=107) of patients showed a low risk for develop type 2 diabetes (less than 7 points), 70% (n=254) an increased risk (7 or more points); 63% (n=229) patients do not perform physical activity; 60% (n=218) had a familiar in first or second degree with diabetes; 68% (n=245) had a Body Mass Index (BMI) greater than 25kg/m2; 79% (n=171) of women had an abdominal circumference greater than 80 cm and 63% (n=90) of men had an abdominal circumference greater than 92 cm.

Conclusion: The study clarifies how the designed tools to been answered through interrogation or even self-applying have various limitations, over all in the interpretation area, especially in the physical activity, diabetes familiar precedent and altered glycemia precedent. The FINDRISC test shown to be a good support for identification of patients with increased risk of type 2 diabetes.

Keywords: Type 2 Diabetes; Risk Score; FINDRISC

Introduction

Diabetes Mellitus (DM) is a group of metabolic disorders that develops when the required levels of insulin for keep the normal values of plasmatic glucose are not sufficient. Type 2 Diabetes is most common, representing the 90% of the cases and is more frequent in patients with overweight or obesity, metabolic syndrome and familiar antecedent of DM or gestational diabetes [1]. Globally, near 422 million adults had diabetes in 2014 compared to 108 million in 1980, the worldwide prevalence of diabetes has almost doubled from 4.7% to 8.5% in the adult population [2].

Citation:González-Acosta JF, Bermúdez-Villalpando VI, Flores-Escutia M, García-Linares NC and Delgado- Luna JE. Risk Evaluation for Type 2 Diabetes in Adults from Tijuana, México. J Fam Med. 2019; 6(7): 1188.